Protein complexes play a crucial role in cellular biological processes. Identifying these complexes is essential for understanding cellular functions and biological mechanisms. Graph clustering ...

If it feels like social platforms suddenly “get” you more than they used to, you’re not imagining it! In 2026, feeds aren’t only reacting to what you click anymore. They’re predicting what you ...

ABSTRACT: With the deepening of global economic integration, maritime logistics has become the core pillar of international trade, carrying more than 80% of global trade volume. Among the factors ...

The art of finding patterns or communities plays a central role in the analysis of structured data such as networks. Community detection in graphs has become a field on its own. Real-world networks, ...

ABSTRACT: This paper contributes to the theoretical literature by analyzing the relationship between changes in sparsity and their impacts on financial networks with incomplete and random ...

Abstract: Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm is a fundamental graph search method widely used in domains such as navigation, robotics, gaming, and network routing. However, its performance can degrade ...

🧪 Sample Input to Test Part 1: Basic Graph with Directed Edges Enter the number of vertex and edges in the graph: 5 6 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 3 4 1 Part 2 ...