Abstract: The Willow Catkin Optimization Algorithm (WCO) is a newly proposed meta-heuristic algorithm in recent years that has a simple structure and excellent optimization searching ability, but the ...

How algorithms simplify problem-solving while creating challenges in software development, with insights into their benefits, limitations, and widespread use across industries and everyday digital ...

Abstract: Automated guided vehicles are widely utilized in the real production environment for tasks such as job transfer and inter-factory collaboration, yet they remain relatively underexplored in ...